Present address: Avco-Everett Research Laboratory, Everett, Mass. Measurements of the sublimation rate have therefore been made over a wide temperature range and kinetic parameters both for … By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. However, the roles of energetic additives are unclear due to their complex changes in the decomposition process. The effect of atmosphere composition on the rate of decomposition was studied. effect and mechanism on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermogravimetric analysis and mass The products of decomposition were identified and the yield of each was established. This review represents an attempt to summarize literature data on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. Production. Comparison of combustion behaviors of ammonium chlorate and perchlorate. As a result, on the condition of 5 wt% TCN/CuO, the high decomposition temperature of AP was decreased by 120.6 °C, which is much lower than that of UCN, TCN, CuO and UCN/CuO. As an energetic accelerator for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and ammonium nitrate (AN), 10% nano TAGN blended with AP and AN, and samples “[90% AP + 10% (nano TAGN)]” and “[90% AN + 10% (nano TAGN)]” were obtained, respectively. It is a colorless or white solid that is soluble in water. The catalytic effect of the NGO for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Catalytic Activity of Ferrates (NiFe 2 O 4, ZnFe 2 O 4 and CoFe 2 O 4) on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate Ming Zhang. Fengqi Zhao. The thermal decomposition properties and the heat of combustion (ΔH) of samples with different ammonium perchlorate (AP)/double base propellant (DB) mass ratios under argon atmosphere were studied by the thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry–mass spectrometry–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–DSC–MS–FTIR) and automatic calorimeter method. Abstract The catalytic effect of copper tungsten oxide (CuWO4) was investigated on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) using differential scanning calorimetry. Supporting Information. One of these is the formation of a porous product upon low-temperature thermal decom-position of the orthorhombic phase. The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate in the presence of potassium chloride and chromium (III) oxide was investigated using K 36 Cl and 51 Cr 2 O 3 to elucidate the reaction mechanism. Two simultaneous routes are suggested for the decomposition. The decomposition of ammonium perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate-copper chromite mixtures has been studied in the temperature range from 250°C to 325°C. Corresponding Author. However, the catalytic mechanism is still controversial and the role of surface lattice oxygen is always ignored. E-mail address: zhangm3210@163.com. Ammonium perchlorate ("AP") is an inorganic compound with the formula NH 4 ClO 4. Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses were employed to investigate the decomposition kinetics and thermodynamics of the … Copper stearate/ammonium perchlorate (CS/AP) shell–core composite was prepared by in situ synthesis and characterized to sample by SEM and EDS, it shows that CS is evenly dispersed on the surface of AP and forms a shell–core structure. The heat effect of decomposition reaction of solid NH4ClO3to oxygen, gaseous water, and HCl (or chlorine) averages 42.5-49 kcal/mole or 419-482 cal/g depending on product composition. The reaction mechanism proposed for the uncatalysed decomposition involves the adsorbed dissociation products NH3 and HClO4, self-protonation of HClO4 to yield the intermediate ClO3+, and oxidation of NH3 by ClO3+. Copyright © 1968 Published by Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(68)90054-0. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. In addition, 1 was explored as combustion promoter to accelerate the thermal decompositions of ammonium perchlorate (AP) by differential scanning calorimetry. Adding 10% of NGO to AP decreases the decomposition temperature by 106 °C and increases the … The reaction mechanism proposed for the catalysed decomposition involves the formation of the free radicals NH4 and ClO4, decomposition of the radicals to NH3 and chlorine oxides, and subsequent oxidation of NH3. In this research, the catalytic effects of nano-Co3O4 with diverse average particle sizes and specific surface area on thermal decomposition property of ammonium perchlorate (AP) particles were investigated. Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065 P. R. China . The most striking of these is that at low temperatures it decomposes only to the extent of about 20 to 30 %, leaving a residue which is chemically identical with the original salt. The reaction mechanism … A … • … The breakdown of … The mechanism of thermal decomposition and various factors which influence on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate are discussed. The products of decomposition were identified and the yield of each was established. The decomposition of ammonium perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate-copper chromite mixtures has been studied in the temperature range from 250°C to 325°C. Its instability has involved it in a number of accidents, such as the PEPCON disaster. The methods of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimettry (DSC) have been used to study the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). Search for more papers by this author. TGA curves obtained under both isothermal and nonisothermal conditions show a characteristic slowdown at the extents of conversion, α = 0.30−0.35. ZnO and ZnS … By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Energetic additives can effectively increase the heat release of ammonium perchlorate (AP) decomposition to prevent nonenergetic additives from decreasing the energy density of composite solid propellants. Combined with a fuel, it can be used as a rocket propellant. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Despite much research on various aspects of the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (see[1 7] and references therein), key aspects of the mechanism of the process remain controversial. The products of decomposition were identified and the yield of each was established. The effect of atmosphere composition on the rate of decomposition was studied. ZnO nanocrystals as catalysts have been widely employed in the catalytic thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). Variations in lattice configuration of AP change … g –1 for AP‐CuO‐S, AP‐CuO‐N, and AP‐CuO‐Cl, respectively. Analysis of the former measurements is complicated by concurrent sublimation of the salt. It is a powerful oxidizer. Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate containing a polymeric additive Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate containing a polymeric additive Thomas, T. J.; Nandi, U. S. 1978-10-01 00:00:00 T. J. Thomas* and U. S. Nandi Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 560 012 (India) Thermische Zerseaung von … Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. 3, pp. Good recovery of N and Cl was achieved. Nanoparticles of Transition Metals as Accelerants in the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate, Part 62. The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate 2NH 4 ClO 4 N 2 + Cl 2 + 2O 2 + 4H 2 O [ Check the balance ] The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate to produce nitrogen, chlorine, oxygen and … • Thermal decomposition temperature decreases by more than 100 °C. For reproduction of material from NJC: Reproduced from Ref. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectros-copy (XPS) analyses showed that the characteristic peaks of CuO/ PbO NMOs were almost the superposition of nano CuO and nano PbO, while few new weak … ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. The mechanism of thermal decomposition and various factors which influence on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate are discussed. Journal of Energetic Materials: Vol. Herein, a classical catalytic mechanism based on the surface lattice oxygen was proposed to reveal AP decomposition promoted by ZnO nanosheets. Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. In this study, copper stearate (CS) was investigated as a potential catalyst for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The inclusion of reactive species in AP directly affect the viscoelastic and ballistic properties of the propellant. The effects of fullerenes, including fellerene soot (FS), extracted fullerene soot (EFS) and pure C60 on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) compared with traditional carbon black (CB) catalyst has been studied by employing thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and ignition temperature experiments. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Cr(OH)(3) nanoparticle preparation procedure and its catalytic effect and mechanism on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermogravimetric analysis and … Furthermore, the catalytic effect of the obtained samples on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) was examined by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2005.11.038. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry analysis techniques were used to evaluate the coating quality and thermal … As an energetic accelerator for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and ammonium nitrate (AN), 10% nano TAGN blended with AP and AN, and samples “[90% AP + 10% (nano TAGN)]” and “[90% AN + 10% (nano TAGN)]” were obtained, respectively. Good recovery of N and Cl was achieved. Because of its use as a solid propellent and more generally in pyrotechnic systems, the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) has been extensively studied. 165-177. (2013). Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is the universal oxidiser in use for all the solid rocket propellant motors used for space exploration due to its high available oxygen content and thermal decomposition without any solid residue. Copyright © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. catalyst to catalyze the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The obtained CuO/PbO NMOs were system-atically characterized. The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate has been studied by measuring either the loss in weight, or the pressure increase in a closed system, as functions of time. 31, No. XX with permission from the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and The Royal Society of Chemistry. Experimental results indicated that 1 possesses potential application prospects in the field of explosives and propellants. The decomposition of ammonium perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate-copper chromite mixtures has been studied in the temperature range from 250°C to 325°C. This review represents an attempt to summarize literature data on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate shows several unusual characteristics. 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